2015年ACCA考试《公司战略与风险管理》辅导3

来源: 高顿网校 2015-03-26
  1.5 Comparing costs per driver and per unit using traditional methods and ABC
  Traditional absorption costing charges overhead costs to products (or services) in an arbitrary way.
  The assumption that overhead expenditure is related to direct labour hours or machine hours in the production departments is no longer realistic for the vast majority of companies.
  This will lead to very different values of overheads absorbed per unit.
  Illustration 3 – ABC
  A manufacturing business produces two products, X and Y. The products are manufactured in batches. The batches differ slightly, in that different designs are used for each product, and each batch is for one particular design of a product.
  Production data for a given period are as follows:
  Product XProduct Y
  Number of units produced2,0006,000
  Production time1,000 hours1,500 hours
  Number of batches53
  Overhead costs relating to setting up the machinery for each batch run and getting the raw materials ready totalled $40,000.
  This information suggests three different ways of apportioning costs:
  Basis / driverUnitProduction hoursBatches
  Driver volume8,0002,5008
  OAR$5 per unit$16 per hour%5,000 per batch
  Overheads to X2,000×5=$10,0001,000×16=$16,0005×5,000=25,000
  Overheads to Y6,000×5=$30,0001,500×16=$24,0003×5,000=15,000
  The selection of the cost driver can therefore make a significant difference.
  Test your understanding 4
  Cabal makes and sells two products, Plus and Doubleplus. The direct costs of production are $12 for one unit of Plus and $24 per unit of Doubleplus.
  Information relating to annual production and sales is as follows:
  PlusDoubleplus
  Annual production and sales24,000 units24,000 units
  Direct labour hours per unit1.01.5
  Number of orders10140
  Number of batches12240
  Number of setups per batch13
  Special parts per unit14
  Information relating to production overhead costs is as follows:
  Cost driverAnnual cost
  Setup costsNumber of setups73,200
  Special parts handlingNumber of special parts60,000
  Other materials handlingNumber of batches63,000
  Order handlingNumber of orders19,8000
  Other overheads-216,000
  Other overhead costs do not have an identifiable cost driver, and in an ABC system, these overheads would be recovered on a direct labour hours basis.
  (a) Calculate the production cost per unit of Plus and of Doubleplus if the company uses traditional absorption costing and the overheads are recovered on a direct labour hours basis.
  (b) Calculate the production costs per unit of Plus and of Doubleplus if the company uses ABC.
 
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