ACCA考试《F3财务会计》辅导资料<11>

来源: 高顿网校 2015-04-09
Session 7 Accruals and prepayments
  Main Contents:
  1.Accrued and prepaid expenses
  2.Accrued and prepaid income
  3.Prepayments and accruals in the financial statements
  7.1 Accrued and Prepaid expenses
  ● Accrual basis of accounting:
  The accrual basis of accounting is to record the income and expense in the statement of income as they are earned/ incurred regardless of whether cash has been received/ paid.
  ● Accrued expenses
  Accrual: an item of expenses that has been incurred during the accounting period but has not been paid at the period end.
  Dr.   Cr
  Expense account     xx
  Accrual             xx
  Accruals are shown as Liability in the SFP.
  ● Prepaid expenses
  Prepayment: an item of expenses that has been paid during the current accounting period but will not be incurred until the next accounting period.
  Dr      Cr
  Prepayment     xx
  Expense account          xx
  Prepayment are shown as Asset in the SFP.
  7.2 Accrued and prepaid income
  Some organizations also have sources of miscellaneous income which may also be received in advance or arrears.
  Accrued income: income has been earned in the accounting period but has not yet been received.
  Dr.   Cr.
  Accrued income xx
  Income          xx
  Accrued income is an asset item in the SFP statement.
  Prepaid income: income has been received in the accounting period but which relates to the next accounting period.
  Dr.   Cr.
  Income     xx
  Prepaid income      xx
  Prepaid income is aliability item in the SFP statement.
  7.3 Prepayments and accruals in the financial statements
  The statement of financial position ( B/S)
  ASSETS        CAPITAL AND LIABILITIES
  Currents        Current liabilities
  Inventories      Payables
  Receivables      Accruals
  Prepayments     Prepaid income
  Accrued income
  Cash at bank
  Cash in hand
  The income statement:
  Accruals or prepayments of income and expenditure are included within the normal income/ expense charges in the I.S.
  Example:
  Electricity paid during the year is $14,000.There was an opening accrual b/f of $500.A bill for the quarter ended 31 Jan 20x7 was $900.What is the electricity charge in the income statement for the year ended 31 December 20x6?
  A.$14,000
  B.$14,100
  C.$13,900
  D.$14,400
  Answer B.
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