ACCA考试F9知识点:Bonds

来源: 高顿网校 2015-08-27

  Bond—a writtenacknowledgement of a debt, usually given under the company's seal, containing provisions for payment of interest and repayment of principal. The debt may be secured on some or all of the company's assets.
TypeSecured BondsUnsecured Bonds
Securityand votingrights● Can be secured by one or more specific asset (e.g. over property), this is known as a fixed charge.
● Secured by a class of assets (e.g. net current assets or working capital), this is known as a floating charge.
● On default, the assets used as security are sold and the proceeds applied towards repaying the debt.
● No voting rights.
● No security.
● Holders have the same rights as ordinary creditors.
● No voting rights.
Income● A fixed annual amount (interest), usually expressed as a percentage of nominal value.● A fixed annual amount (interest), usually expressed as a percentage of nominal value.
  In the UK, bonds are
  usually issued with a face value of £100.
  They can be traded on
  the bond market and reach a market price.
  Hence, if a bond is
  "selling at a premium of 15%", this means that a bond with a face value of ?100
  is currently selling for £115.
  This indicates that the
  rate of interest on this bond is attractive when compared with current market
  rates, creating demand for the bond and a rise in price.*
  In the US the face
  value of a bond is usually $1,000.
  2. Deep Discount Bonds
  Deep discount
  bonds—bonds issued at a large discount to nominal value (i.e. issued well below
  face value) and redeemable at par on maturity.*
  With deep discount
  bonds, investors receive a large capital gain on redemption, but are paid a low
  rate of interest, if any, during the term of the loan.
  These bonds offer a
  cash flow advantage to the borrower. This is especially
  useful for financing projects which produce weak cash flows in early years.
  3.Zero-Coupon Bonds
  Zero-coupon bonds—bonds
  issued at a discount to face value and which pay zero annual interest.
  Zero-coupon bonds have
  the following advantages:
  The issuing company
  pays no interest and the only cash payout is at the bonds' maturity.
  Investors gain from the
  difference between issue and redemption price.
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