2023上海翻译硕士(MTI)考研复习：英译中国现代散文精选1

艰难的国运与雄健的国民

历史的道路，不会是坦平的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界。这是全靠雄健的精神才能冲过去的(1)。

一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界(2)，平原无际，一泻万里(3)。有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山迭岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于期间，回环曲折，极其险峻(4)。民族生命的进展，其经历亦复如是。

人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样。旅途上的征人(5)所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路(6)。志于旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，因是高高兴兴地向前走，走到崎岖的境界，俞是奇趣横生(7)，觉得在此奇绝壮绝(8)的境界，俞能感到一种冒险的美趣(9)。

中华民族现在所逢的史路，是一段崎岖险阻的道路。在这段道路上，实在亦有一种奇绝壮绝的境至，使我们经过此段道路的人，感得一种壮美的趣味，是非有雄健的精神的，不能够感觉到的。

我们的扬子江、黄河，可以代表我们的民族精神，扬子江及黄河遇见沙漠、遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡的往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻万里的魄势(10)。目前的艰难境界，那能阻抑我们民族生命的前进。我们应该拿出雄健的精神，高唱着进行的曲调，在这悲壮歌声中，走过这崎岖险阻的道路。要知(11)在艰难的国运中建造国家，亦是人生最有趣味的事……。

National Crisis vs Heroic Nation

The course of history is never smooth.It is sometimes beset with difficulties and obstacles and nothing short of a heroic spirit can help surmount them.

A mighty long river sometimes flows through a broad section with plains lying boundless on either side,its waters rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles.Sometimes it comes up against a narrow section flanked by high mountains and steep cliffs,winding through a course with many a perilous twist and turn.A nation,in the course of its development,fares likewise.

The historical course of man’s life is just like a journey.A traveler on a long journey passes through now a broad,level plain,now a rugged,hazardous road.While a determined traveler cheerfully continues his journey upon reaching a safe and smooth place,he finds it still more fascinating to come to a rugged place,the enormously magnificent spectacle of which,he feels,is better able to generate in him a wonderful sensation of adventure.

The Chinese nation is now confronted with a rugged and dangerous section of its historical course.Nevertheless,there is also in this section a spectacle of enormous magnificence that inspires in us passers-by a delightful sensation of splendor.And this delightful sensation,however,can only be shared by those with a heroic spirit.

The Yangtse River and the Yellow River are both symbolic of our national spirit the two mighty rivers negotiate deserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible force.The present national crisis can never obstruct the advance of our national life.Let us brace up our spirits and march through this rugged,dangerous road to the tune of our solemn,stirring songs.The greatest joy of life,mind you,is to build up our country during its most difficult days.

注释:

李大钊此文载于1923年12月20日《新国民》卷第2号上，短小隽永，堪称一首诗意盎然的抒情散文诗。作者用象征，比喻等手法，说明历史发展的必然规律以及中国革命面临的艰难险阻。

(1)“这是全靠雄健的精神才能冲过去的”译为nothing short of a heroic spirit can help surmount them，其中nothing short of相当于nothing less than或only。

(2)“宽阔的境界”须按上下文译为a broad section。“境界”在这里不宜译为realm、place、area等。

(3)“一泻万里”译为rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles，但也可译为rolling on vigorously for tens of thousands of miles或rolling on for thousands of miles at a stretch。

(4)“回环曲折，极其险峻”译为winding through a course with many a perilous twist and turn，其中twist and turn来自-成语twists and turns。此句亦可译为following a dangerous tortuous course。

(5)“征人”即“远行之人”，故译“旅途上的征人”为a traveler on a long journey。

(6)“有时……，有时……”译为now……now……(=sometimes……and sometimes……)。

(7)“奇趣横生”意即“极度吸引人”，故译为fascinating。

(8)“奇绝壮绝”意即“无限壮观”，故译为the enormously magnificent spectacle。

(9)“感到一种冒险的美趣”意即“一种敢于冒险的美妙感觉”，原译为a wonderful sensation of adventure。

(10)“遇见沙漠，遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡的往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻万里的魄势”译为negotiate deserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible force,其中动词to negotiate的意思是“顺利过”(to succeed in getting past something difficult)。又，注意until在这里的用法。它在此不作“直到……为止”解，而是so that finally(“以至于……”或“最后”)的意思。

(11)“要知”译为mind you，插入句中。成语mind you的意思是mind what I say或however,相当于汉语的“请注意”或“说真的”。

螃蟹

老螃蟹觉得不安了，觉得全身太硬了(1)，自己知道要蜕壳(2)了。

他跑来跑去的寻。他想寻一个窟穴，躲了身子，将石子堵了穴口，隐隐的蜕壳。他知道外面蜕壳(3)是危险的。身子还软(4)，要被别的螃蟹吃去的。这并非空害怕，他实在亲眼见过。

他慌慌张张的走。

旁边的螃蟹(5)问他说：“老兄，你何以这般慌?”

他说：“我要蜕壳了。”

“就在这里蜕不是很好么?我还要帮你呢。”

“那可太怕人了。”

“你不怕窟穴里的别的东西，却怕我们同种么?”

“我不是怕同种。”

“那是怕什么呢?”

“就怕你要吃掉我(6)。”