问题：In which of the following circumstances does an interest rate exposure arise?
A. A company borrows at a variable rate of interest.
B. A company borrows at a fixed rate of interest.
C. A company holds shares in other quoted companies as a short-term investment.
D. A company sells the money market investments it has been holding.
E. A company holds a quantity of government bonds as a short-term investment.
答案：The correct answers are: A company borrows at a fixed rate of interest; A company holds a quantity of government bonds as a short-term investment; A company borrows at a variable rate of interest.
Interest rate risk occurs whenever a company borrows, at either a fixed or a variable rate of interest. When a company borrows at a fixed rate, the risk is that market interest rates will fall, leaving the company paying higher interest than it would have done if it had borrowed at a variable rate. Government bonds rise or fall in value with changes in long-term interest rates, which means that bond investors are exposed to interest rate risk.
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