问题:Assume that two small countries, A and B, produce two commodities, X and Y, and that there are no transport costs.
One unit of resource utilized in Country A produces 40 units of X or 80 units of Y. One unit of resource utilised in Country B produces 15 units of X or 25 units of Y.
According to the law of comparative advantage, which one of the following statements is true?
A. Country A has a comparative advantage over Country B in producing Y
B. Country A has an absolute advantage over B in producing both products and so will not trade
C. Country B has a comparative advantage over Country A in producing Y
D. Country A has a comparative advantage over Country B in producing X
答案:The correct answer is: Country A has a comparative advantage over Country B in producing Y.
Country A is 3.2 times (80/25) more efficient than Country B at producing Y; but 2.67 (40/15) times as efficient at producing X.
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