第一个句子是不完整的，现在把完整的句子及解析放上。

1、Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us as religion once did, Memento mori:remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it.

【分析】复合句。句子主干为we need art to tell us... Memento mori。surrounded by promises of easy happiness为过去分词短语作状语；as religion once did为as引导的方式状语从句；冒号后面是对Memento mori的解释,其中包含三个并列的由that引导的从句作remember的宾语。
【译文】如今，我们的周围充斥着可轻易得到幸福的许诺,我们需要有艺术对我们说出死的象征，正如宗教曾经告诉过我们的一样:记住,你终将会死去，万事万物都将会终结，幸福不是为了否定这一点而到来，而是为与之共存而到来。

2、To get the system working again, [状语] losses [主语] must be recognized [谓语] and [连接词] dealt with. [谓语]