财务报告与分析中章节的设置是循序渐进、逐层深入的，前面介绍的术语在后面还会有详细的解释与探讨。
由于财务报告与分析本身自立体系，它是上市公司和报表使用人之间沟通交流的语言，所以学起来与外语学习有几分相似。
财务报告与分析一共分为四大部分：
第一部分是扫盲阶段，主要介绍财务术语、体系等基本知识。
在此基础上，第二部分更深入地讲解财务报表编制以及财务报表分析的方法。
进一步地，第三部分针对存在利润操纵空间的重点科目做详细、深入的讨论。
最后，第四部分是前面三部分内容的综合应用。
四大部分在考试中占比最大的是第二部分和第三部分，大概占财报分析所有题目的80%以上。其次是第一部分，占比10%左右。
由于第四部分是财务分析的综合应用，不太适合一级的出题形式，所以
出题比例相对比较少，大概占5%左右。
"Financial Report":deferred tax assets
Questions 1:
If a company has a deferred tax asset reported on its statement of financial position and the tax authorities reduce the tax rate,which of the following statements is most accurate concerning the effect of the change?The existing deferred tax asset will:
A、not be affected.
B、increase in value.
C、decrease in value.
【Answer to question 1】C
【analysis】
C is correct.A decrease in the tax rate will result in a decrease in the previously reported amounts of deferred tax assets.That is,the value of the future tax assets,based on the new lower rate,is reduced for offsetting future tax payments.
A is incorrect.The change would affect not only the current year’s reported income tax expense but also any amounts previously established on the balance sheet.
B is incorrect.The value of the future benefits decreases,not increases.
Questions 2:
An analyst gathers the following information about a company:
If the company had used the first-in,first-out(FIFO)method instead of last-in,first-out(LIFO),its 2014 net income would most likely have been:
A、$9,000 higher.
B、$21,000 higher.
C、$30,000 lower.
【Answer to question 2】B
【analysis】
B is correct
If an increase in the LIFO reserve occurs,LIFO COGS will be higher than FIFO by the amount of the increase.With a lower COGS under FIFO,pretax income will be higher by$30,000.With a lower COGS under FIFO,after-tax income will be higher by$30,000×(1–0.30)=$21,000.
A is incorrect.Tax rate×change in LIFO reserve=0.30×($450,000–$420,000)=$9,000
C is incorrect.Change in the LIFO reserve=$450,000–$420,000=$30,000
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